What kind of cars are the old drivers in the ancient war?

Foreigner Mike Loser and Robert Herford,

Has been exploring this issue.

After recovering the chariot of China's Spring and Autumn Period,

They determined that this was the world's most advanced tank at the time.

In 2014, in the Zeng Yang tombs in Zaoyang, Hubei Province,

The Chinese archaeological team accidentally discovered the wreckage of the chariot buried for 2,700 years.

Moreover, the number of chariots buried in the tomb there is a full 28.

This discovery excited two foreign old drivers.

Although Mike as a military historian test experienced tanks across the country,

Heritage replicator Robert also has 15 years of making cars experience,

However, Chinese tanks for them, or a mystery.

Mike and Robert manually restored Hittite chariot

They would like to understand why the Chinese will honor the chariot,

At the same time how its combat power,

The best way to confuse, is to use ancient technology to restore it.

The first step of making repairs by two old drivers is to understand the structure of the chariot.

In the field investigation, they draw on drawings drawn by Chinese archaeologists,

Quickly selected copy of the blueprint object:

Save the most complete chariot wreckage.

But the next two seconds on the collective downtime,

Because Chinese chariots have a huge amount of chariots than they have ever seen before,

Light the width of the wheel to catch up with Mike's height,

This is one third bigger than Assyrian and Egyptian chariots.

After measuring, they came to the general structure:

The overall width of this tank full 65 inches,

Wheel diameter reached 56 inches, there are 28 light spokes.

Such a huge car how Chinese craftsmen made? Really war?

With these questions, Robert started the repairer.

He uses the steam bending method to make the wheels needed "wheel frame":

With 100 degrees Celsius fumigation of wood,

Wood fibers at this temperature will be very flexible,

You can use tools to make its rules bending,

When the wood fiber will cool again after it becomes hard.

Although the progress of the wheel well,

But the next step, "Spokes," stopped him hard.

With Robert's experience,

28 spokes are too dense can not be inserted into the bearings,

No matter how he can not keep up with the minds of Chinese ancients.

In desperation he had to Huai'an City Museum seeking answers,

This is exactly where there is a full-blown chariot.

In the explanation of the people, he found the crux of the problem:

In general, spokes of ancient wheels are cylinders,

When connected with the wheel will use the "tenon structure"

That is, a fixed projection engages the groove.

Tenon sǔn d mǎo

However, China's chariot's banner is flat and round,

Very similar shape paddle,

And spokes of the "tenon" different length of the patchwork.

This ingenious design allows the shaft to carry more spokes,

And in the convergence of the wheel frame will be much simpler.

Because when the "long tenon" into the "maokou" after,

"Short tongue" is more easy to plug in,

The entire spoke installation process is very labor-saving.

The old Robert said that the wisdom of ancient Chinese really refuses to accept it.

Get the wheel,

They started to restore the link between "hub" and "axle"

That is, use long sticks to connect the two wheels together.

In order to reduce friction,

"Hub" is usually a few millimeters of clearance between the axle,

But the gap will lead to wheel instability.

(Hub gǔ, wrapped the part of the bearing)

The solution is to "hub" to grow,

At the same time with a bronze fixed, in order to enhance the bearing capacity.

This bronze fixture is extremely subtle,

Divided into interlocking three parts: hub, wheel jurisdiction, wheel cap.

However, the most primitive way forging has been useless for a hundred years,

So this life has to be Chinese help.

This time by the Nanjing Museum of history of crafts technicians,

Made with clay mold, and then cast out of this device copper.

The next is to create the body,

Robert rattan prepared the floor of the tank:

Then assemble the chariot and finish the coloring.

Finally, the wheel plus "hub three-piece" fixed wheel,

Chinese chariot restore so far you're done, the finished product is very shocking.

This is the Chinese artisan 2000 years ago the design and technology,

Each link reveals the wisdom of the ancients,

Delicate to more like a work of art than a war machine.

So, its strength in the end how?

Military historian Mike can not wait to start the test.

He deliberately based on the size of the horse wreckage in the mausoleum,

Brought two similar horses and chariot combination.

According to historical records,

Ancient Chinese chariots generally take three.

One person on the right hand is responsible for physical attacks with halberds,

The middle hand is responsible for driving the chariot,

The left is the archer, responsible for long-range damage.

At the same time, chariots are generally used in conjunction with infantry,

So Mike analysis, in order to maintain the formation,

Chariots should trot attitude.

According to historical records,

Ancient Chinese chariots generally take three.

One person on the right hand is responsible for physical attacks with halberds,

The middle hand is responsible for driving the chariot,

The left is the archer, responsible for long-range damage.

At the same time, chariots are generally used in conjunction with infantry,

So Mike analysis, in order to maintain the formation,

Chariots should trot attitude.

The car when the archery should be squat kneeling shot,

Stable, high hit rate, but also more output opportunities:

Chinese tanks are really good at shooting.

(Mike Father MP value MAX)

In contrast, the use of chariot with chariot is not satisfactory.

Weapon is too long not easy to wave,

Speed ​​can not improve the impact of their attacks.

Therefore, Mike speculated that halberd is likely to be used for defense.

Mike also brought this chariot back to China,

In the ancient battlefield in the field test,

And he was surprised by the mobility of Chinese chariots,

I did not expect the war horse with a huge tank can run so easily.

Let's compare it to the Egyptian chariot,

This Chinese car is much bigger.

And the 28 spokes of the Chinese tanks more secure,

We break 4 still like running,

It is estimated that the chariot of Egypt's six spokes will be scrapped.

Giant wheels are also more suitable for China's rugged pavement,

At the same time also bring some damping effect.

Speaking of shock absorption,

The Egyptian chariot's axle is located on the back of the body,

The burden of horses will be heavier.

Chinese chariots are designed in the end,

The car's load is even higher, and horses are easier to run.

After turns test,

Mike believes that in terms of functionality, the Chinese tank was the most advanced at the time.

And precisely because of its strong combat power,

The chariot was also seen by the ancients as a symbol of power and prestige.

In the eyes of foreigners, the advent of chariots has promoted the unity of the world.

It is just like a nuclear weapon, whoever has more who is stronger,

Therefore, the ancients to thousands of countries, thousands of countries to carry out strength division.

According to "Zuo Zhuan" records, the Battle of Chengpu 632 BC,

Chu Kingdom Jin each have 800 chariots,

This figure increased fivefold in a century.

When the Qin Shi Huang unified the world, the development of the chariot reached its peak.

However, with the development of history, China's main enemy has become a Hun,

Has a saddle, stirrup cavalry,

On the chariot equipped with repressive advantages,

This led to the gradual loss of combat vehicles meaning of war.

But even so, the symbolic significance of the chariot can not be ignored.

The achievements and honor left in the war,

Let them become the best endorsement of power,

Also integrated into the culture,

Became an important part of Chinese civilization.

The amazing wisdom and craftsmanship of ancient Chinese people,

Not only proud of Chinese people, foreigners admire,

But also the collection and inheritance of our Chinese descendants.

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